药品详细
Oxytetracycline(土霉素)
化学结构式图
中文名
土霉素
英文名
Oxytetracycline
分子式
C22H24N2O9
化学名
(4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide
分子量
Average: 460.434
Monoisotopic: 460.148180376
Monoisotopic: 460.148180376
CAS号
79-57-2
ATC分类
D06A 未知;G01A 未知;J01A 未知;S01A 抗感染药
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
Oxytetracycline anhydrous;Oxytetracycline HCl;Terramycin;
同义名
基本介绍
A tetracycline analog isolated from the actinomycete streptomyces rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions. [PubChem]
生产厂家
- Impax laboratories inc
- John j ferrante
- Pfizer laboratories div pfizer inc
- Proter laboratory spa
- Purepac pharmaceutical co
- West ward pharmaceutical corp
封装厂家
- Chifeng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
- Medisca Inc.
- Norbrook Laboratories Ltd.
- Pfizer Inc.
- Proter SPA
- Veterina Animal Health Ltd.
- West-Ward Pharmaceuticals
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference | Not Available |
剂型
规格
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes |
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| Substructures |
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适应症
antibacterials 抗细菌;
药理
| Indication | Oxytetracycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. | ||||||
| Pharmacodynamics | Oxytetracycline is known as a broad-spectrum antibiotic due to its activity against such a wide range of infections. It was the second of the tetracyclines to be discovered. Oxytetracycline, like other tetracyclines, is used to treat many infections common and rare. Its better absorption profile makes it preferable to tetracycline for moderately severe acne, but alternatives sould be sought if no improvement occurs by 3 months. | ||||||
| Mechanism of action | Oxytetracycline inhibits cell growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. The binding is reversible in nature. Oxytetracycline is lipophilic and can easily pass through the cell membrane or passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane. | ||||||
| Absorption | Readily absorbed following oral administration. | ||||||
| Volume of distribution | Not Available | ||||||
| Protein binding | Not Available | ||||||
| Metabolism |
Not Available
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| Route of elimination | Not Available | ||||||
| Half life | Not Available | ||||||
| Clearance | Not Available | ||||||
| Toxicity | Adverse effects may include stomach or bowel upsets and rarely allergic reactions. Very rarely severe headache and vision problems may be signs of dangerous intracranial hypertenion. | ||||||
| Affected organisms |
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| Pathways |
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理化性质
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| State | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Acitretin | Increased risk of intracranial hypertension |
| Amoxicillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Ampicillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Calcium | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| Carbenicillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Clavulanate | Possible antagonism of action |
| Cloxacillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Dicloxacillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Ethinyl Estradiol | This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive |
| Etretinate | Increased risk of intracranial hypertension |
| Flucloxacillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Iron Dextran | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| Isotretinoin | Increased risk of intracranial hypertension |
| Magnesium | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| Penicillin G | Possible antagonism of action |
| Penicillin V | Possible antagonism of action |
| Piperacillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Pivampicillin | Possible antagonism of action |
| Pivmecillinam | Possible antagonism of action |
| Ticarcillin | Oxytetracycline may reduce the effect of Ticarcillin by inhibiting bacterial growth. Ticarcillin exerts its effects on actively growing bacteria. To achieve synergism, Ticarcillin should be administered at least 2 hours prior to using Oxytetracycline. |
| Tretinoin | Oxytetracycline may increase the adverse effects of oral Tretinoin. Increase risk of pseudotumour cerebri. Concurrent therapy should be avoided. |
食物相互作用
Not Available
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