药品详细
Tobramycin(妥布霉素)
化学结构式图
中文名
妥布霉素
英文名
Tobramycin
分子式
C18H37N5O9
化学名
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-5-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,5-diol
分子量
Average: 467.5145
Monoisotopic: 467.259127807
Monoisotopic: 467.259127807
CAS号
32986-56-4
ATC分类
J01G 未知;S01A 抗感染药
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
Aktob;Distobram;Gernebcin;Nebcin;Nebramycin;Nebramycin 6;Nebramycin Factir 6;Nebramycin Factor 6;Nebramycin Vi;NF 6;Obracin;Obramycin;Sybryx;Tenebrimycin;Tenemycin;Tobi;Tobracin;Tobradex;Tobradistin;Tobramaxin;Tobramitsetin;Tobramycetin;Tobrasone;Tobrex;
同义名
3'-Deoxykanamycin B;SPRC-AB01;tobramycin solution for inhalation;Tobramycin Sulfate;
基本介绍
An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the pseudomonas species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, nebramycin, produced by the same species. [PubChem]
生产厂家
- Akorn inc
- Akorn strides llc
- Alcon laboratories inc
- Alcon universal ltd
- Altana inc
- Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
- App pharmaceuticals llc
- Astrazeneca lp
- Bausch and lomb pharmaceuticals inc
- Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
- Eli lilly and co
- Falcon pharmaceuticals ltd
- Hospira inc
- Marsam pharmaceuticals llc
- Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
- Novex pharma
- Teva parenteral medicines inc
- X gen pharmaceuticals inc
封装厂家
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- Akorn Inc.
- Alcon Laboratories
- Apotex Inc.
- APP Pharmaceuticals
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Bausch & Lomb Inc.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
- Cardinal Health
- Clipper Distributing Co. LLC
- Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- E.R. Squibb and Sons LLC
- Eye Care and Cure Corp.
- Falcon Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
- H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
- Hospira Inc.
- Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
- Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Medical Ophthalmics
- Medisca Inc.
- MWI Veterinary Supply Co.
- Novartis AG
- Novex Pharma
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Ocusoft
- Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Rx Veterinary Products
- Stat Rx Usa
- Strides Arcolab Limited
- Taylor Pharmaceuticals
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Vedco Inc.
- Wilson Ophthalmic Corp.
- X-Gen Pharmaceuticals
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference | Not Available |
剂型
规格
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes |
|
| Substructures |
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适应症
antibacterials 抗细菌;
药理
| Indication | For the treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections. Also being investigated for use in the treatment of sinus infections. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic obtained from cultures of Streptomyces tenebrarius, is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, gynecologic infections, peritonitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, bacteremia and sepsis, respiratory infections including those associated with cystic fibrosis, osteomyelitis, and diabetic foot and other soft-tissue infections. It acts primarily by disrupting protein synthesis, leading to altered cell membrane permeability, progressive disruption of the cell envelope, and eventual cell death. Tobramycin has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. |
| Mechanism of action | Tobramycin binds irreversibly to one of two aminoglycoside binding sites on the 30 S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Tobramycin may also destabilize bacterial memebrane by binding to 16 S 16 S r-RNA. An active transport mechanism for aminoglycoside uptake is necessary in the bacteria in order to attain a significant intracellular concentration of tobramycin. |
| Absorption | The bioavailability of tobramycin may vary because of individual differences in nebulizer performance and airway pathology. |
| Volume of distribution | Not Available |
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Metabolism |
Not Available
|
| Route of elimination | Not Available |
| Half life | The elimination half-life of tobramycin from serum is approximately 2 hours after intravenous (IV) administration. |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | LD50=441mg/kg (s.c. in mice) |
| Affected organisms |
|
| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
| Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| State | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Acetazolamide | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Amphotericin B | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Atracurium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Benazepril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Bumetanide | Increased ototoxicity |
| Candesartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Captopril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefamandole | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefazolin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefonicid | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefoperazone | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ceforanide | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefotaxime | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefotetan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefoxitin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefradine | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ceftazidime | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ceftizoxime | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ceftriaxone | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cefuroxime | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cephalothin Group | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cephapirin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cisplatin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Colistimethate | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Cyclosporine | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Didanosine | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Doxacurium chloride | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Enalapril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ethacrynic acid | Increased ototoxicity |
| Fosinopril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Furosemide | Increased ototoxicity |
| Heparin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Irbesartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Lamivudine | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Lisinopril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Lithium | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Losartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Metocurine | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Mivacurium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Olmesartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Pancuronium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Perindopril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Phenytoin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Pipecuronium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Quinapril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Ramipril | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Rocuronium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Spironolactone | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Succinylcholine | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Sulfamethoxazole | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Tacrolimus | Additive renal impairment may occur during concomitant therapy with aminoglycosides such as Tobramycin. Use caution during concomitant therapy. |
| Telmisartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Thalidomide | Thalidomide increases the renal toxicity of the aminoglycoside |
| Ticarcillin | Ticarcillin may reduce the serum concentration of Tobramycin. Ticarcillin may inactivate Tobramycin in vitro and the two agents should not be administered simultaneously through the same IV line. |
| Topiramate | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Torasemide | Increased ototoxicity |
| Trimethoprim | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Tubocurarine | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
| Valsartan | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Vancomycin | Increased risk of nephrotoxicity |
| Vecuronium | The agent increases the effect of the muscle relaxant |
食物相互作用
Not Available
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