药品详细
Epirubicin (表阿霉素 )
化学结构式图
中文名
表阿霉素
英文名
Epirubicin
分子式
Not Available
化学名
(8S,10S)-10-{[(2R,4S,5R,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-5,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrotetracene-5,12-dione
分子量
Average: 543.5193
Monoisotopic: 543.174060775
Monoisotopic: 543.174060775
CAS号
56420-45-2
ATC分类
L01D 细胞毒素抗生素及相关物质
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
商品名
4'-Epiadriamycin;4'-Epidoxorubicin;Ellence;Epi-Dx;Epiadriamycin;Epidoxorubicin;Epirubicina [INN-Spanish];Epirubicina [Spanish];Epirubicine [French];Epirubicine [INN-French];Epirubicinum [INN-Latin];Epirubicinum [Latin];IMI 28;Pharmorubicin Pfs;Pidorubicina [INN-Spanish];Pidorubicine [INN-French];Pidorubicinum [INN-Latin];Ridorubicin;
同义名
基本介绍
An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. [PubChem]
生产厂家
- Actavis totowa llc
- Akorn inc
- App pharmaceuticals llc
- Bedford laboratories div ben venue laboratories inc
- Bioniche pharma usa llc
- Ebewe pharma ges mbh nfg kg
- Fresenius kabi oncology plc
- Hospira inc
- Pfizer inc
- Teva parenteral medicines inc
- Watson laboratories inc
- X gen pharmaceuticals inc
封装厂家
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference |
|
剂型
| Form | Route | Strength |
|---|---|---|
| Solution | Intravenous | 200 mg/100 ml |
| Solution | Intravenous | 50 mg/25 ml |
规格
| Unit description | Cost | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Epirubicin hcl 200 mg vial | 2845.85 USD | vial |
| Epirubicin hcl 50 mg vial | 69.54 USD | vial |
| Ellence 2 mg/ml vial | 5.38 USD | ml |
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes |
|
| Substructures |
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适应症
Cancer 癌症;
药理
| Indication | For use as a component of adjuvant therapy in patients with evidence of axillary node tumor involvement following resection of primary breast cancer. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Epirubicin is an antineoplastic in the anthracycline class. General properties of drugs in this class include: interaction with DNA in a variety of different ways including intercalation (squeezing between the base pairs), DNA strand breakage and inhibition with the enzyme topoisomerase II. Most of these compounds have been isolated from natural sources and antibiotics. However, they lack the specificity of the antimicrobial antibiotics and thus produce significant toxicity. The anthracyclines are among the most important antitumor drugs available. Doxorubicin is widely used for the treatment of several solid tumors while daunorubicin and idarubicin are used exclusively for the treatment of leukemia. Epirubicin may also inhibit polymerase activity, affect regulation of gene expression, and produce free radical damage to DNA. Epirubicin possesses an antitumor effect against a wide spectrum of tumors, either grafted or spontaneous. The anthracyclines are cell cycle-nonspecific. |
| Mechanism of action | Epirubicin has antimitotic and cytotoxic activity. It inhibits nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) and protein synthesis through a number of proposed mechanisms of action: Epirubicin forms complexes with DNA by intercalation between base pairs, and it inhibits topoisomerase II activity by stabilizing the DNA-topoisomerase II complex, preventing the religation portion of the ligation-religation reaction that topoisomerase II catalyzes. It also interferes with DNA replication and transcription by inhibiting DNA helicase activity. |
| Absorption | 100% |
| Volume of distribution |
|
| Protein binding | 77% |
| Metabolism |
Extensively and rapidly metabolized in the liver. Epirubicin is also metabolized by other organs and cells, including red blood cells. The four main metabolic routes are: (1) reduction of the C-13 keto-group with the formation of the 13(S)-dihydro derivative, epirubicinol; (2) conjugation of both the unchanged drug and epirubicinol with glucuronic acid; (3) loss of the amino sugar moiety through a hydrolytic process with the formation of the doxorubicin and doxorubicinol aglycones; and (4) loss of the amino sugar moiety through a redox process with the formation of the 7-deoxy-doxorubicin aglycone and 7-deoxy-doxorubicinol aglycone. Epirubicinol exhibits in vitro cytoxic activity (~10% that of epirubicin), but it is unlikely to reach sufficient concentrations in vivo to produce cytotoxic effects. |
| Route of elimination | Epirubicin and its major metabolites are eliminated through biliary excretion and, to a lesser extent, by urinary excretion. |
| Half life | Half-lives for the alpha, beta, and gamma phases of about 3 minutes, 2.5 hours and 33 hours, respectively |
| Clearance |
|
| Toxicity | bone marrow aplasia, grade 4 mucositis, and gastrointestinal bleeding |
| Affected organisms |
|
| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
| Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | 344.53oC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Cimetidine | Cimetidine can increase epirubicin levels |
| Trastuzumab | Trastuzumab may increase the cardiotoxicity of Epirubicin. Signs and symptoms of cardiac dysfunction should be monitored for frequently. Increased risk of heart failure. Trastuzumab may increase the risk of neutropenia and anemia. Monitor closely for signs and symptoms of adverse events. |
食物相互作用
- Liberal fluid intake to increase urine output and help the excretion of uric acid.
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