药品详细
Insulin Lispro (胰岛素lispro )
化学结构式图
没有图片
中文名
胰岛素lispro
英文名
Insulin Lispro
分子式
Not Available
化学名
分子量
CAS号
133107-64-9
ATC分类
A10A 未知;A10A 未知;A10A 未知
药物类型
biotech
阶段
商品名
Humalog (Eli Lilly);Humalog Mix 75/25 Pen;
同义名
基本介绍
Insulin lispro is a recombinant human insulin analogue produced in a specialized laboratory strain of Escherischia coli. Plasmid DNA transfected into the bacteria encodes for an analogue of human insulin that has a lysine at residuce B28 and proline at B29; these residues are reversed in endogenous human insulin. Reversal of these amino acid residues produces a rapid-acting insulin analogue.
生产厂家
- Eli lilly and co
封装厂家
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference |
剂型
| Form | Route | Strength |
|---|---|---|
| Injection, solution | Subcutaneous | 100 units/ml |
规格
| Unit description | Cost | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| HumaLOG KwikPen 100 unit/ml Solution (1box = 5 Pens = 15ml) | 240.18 USD | box |
| HumaLOG Mix 50/50 KwikPen 50-50% Suspension Five 3ml Pens Per Box = 15ml | 240.18 USD | box |
| HumaLOG Mix 75/25 KwikPen 75-25% Suspension Five 3ml Pen Per Box = 15ml | 240.18 USD | box |
| HumaLOG Mix 75/25 Pen 75-25% Suspension 15ml Box | 240.18 USD | box |
| HumaLOG Pen (five 3ml Pens Per Box) 15ml Box | 240.18 USD | box |
| HumaLOG 100 unit/ml Solution 1 Box = Five 3ml Cartridges = 15ml | 231.0 USD | box |
| HumaLOG 100 unit/ml Solution 10ml Vial | 124.36 USD | vial |
| Humalog 100 unit/ml kwikpen | 15.4 USD | ml |
| Humalog 100 unit/ml pen | 15.4 USD | ml |
| Humalog mix 50-50 kwikpen | 15.4 USD | ml |
| Humalog mix 50-50 pen | 15.4 USD | ml |
| Humalog mix 50/50 kwikpen | 11.83 USD | ml |
| Humalog 100 unit/ml Cartridge | 9.37 USD | cartridge |
| Humalog 100 unit/ml | 2.95 USD | cartridge |
化合物类型
| Type | biotech |
| Classes | Not Available |
| Substructures | Not Available |
适应症
Diabetes 糖尿病;
药理
| Indication | For the treatment of Type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. To be used in conjunction with an intermediate or long-acting insulin except when used in a continuous insulin infusion pump. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Insulin is a natural hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas. In non-diabetic individuals, a basal level of insulin is supplemented with insulin spikes following meals. Increased insulin secretion following meals is responsible for the metabolic changes that occur as the body transitions from a postabsorptive to absorptive state. Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose, particularly in muscle and adipose tissues, promotes energy storage via glycogenesis, opposes catabolism of energy stores, increases DNA replication and protein synthesis by stimulating amino acid uptake by liver, muscle and adipose tissue, and modifies the activity of numerous enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. Insulin also promotes growth and is required for the actions of growth hormone (e.g. protein synthesis, cell division, DNA synthesis). Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analogue used to mimic postprandial insulin spikes in diabetic individuals. The onset of action of insulin lispro is 10-15 minutes. Its activity peaks 60 minutes following subcutaneous injection and its duration of action is 4-5 hours. |
| Mechanism of action | Insulin lispro binds to the insulin receptor (IR), a heterotetrameric protein consisting of two extracellular alpha units and two transmembrane beta units. The binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of IR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity intrinsic to the beta subunit of the receptor. The bound receptor autophosphorylates and phosphorylates numerous intracellular substrates such as insulin receptor substrates (IRS) proteins, Cbl, APS, Shc and Gab 1. Activation of these proteins leads to the activation of downstream signaling molecules including PI3 kinase and Akt. Akt regulates the activity of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and protein kinase C (PKC), both of which play critical roles in metabolism and catabolism. In humans, insulin is stored in the form of hexamers; however, only insulin monomers are able to interact with IR. Reversal of the proline and lysine residues at positions B28 and B29 of native insulin eliminates hydrophobic interactions and weakens some of the hydrogen bonds that contribute to the stability of the insulin dimers that comprise insulin hexamers. Hexamers of insulin lispro are produced in the presence of zinc and m-cresol. These weakly associated hexamers quickly dissociate upon subcutaneous injection and are absorbed as monomers through vascular endothelial cells. These properties give insulin lispro its fast-acting properties. |
| Absorption | Rapidly absorbed following subcutaneous administration. To be administer within 15 minutes before a meal. |
| Volume of distribution |
|
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Metabolism |
Insulin is predominantly cleared by metabolic degradation via a receptor-mediated process. |
| Route of elimination | Not Available |
| Half life | 1 hour |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | Inappropriately high dosages relative to food intake and/or energy expenditure may result in severe and sometimes prolonged and life-threatening hypoglycemia. Neurogenic (autonomic) signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include trembling, palpitations, sweating, anxiety, hunger, nausea and tingling. Neuroglycopenic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include difficulty concentrating, lethargy/weakness, confusion, drowsiness, vision changes, difficulty speaking, headache, and dizziness. Mild hypoglycemia is characterized by the presence of autonomic symptoms. Moderate hypoglycemia is characterized by the presence of autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms. Individuals may become unconscious in severe cases of hypoglycemia. Rare cases of lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy reactions have been observed. |
| Affected organisms |
|
| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
| Properties | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | liquid | |||||||||
| Melting point | 81 oC (Khachidze, D.G. et al., J. Biol. Phys. Chem. 1:64-67 (2001)) | |||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
|
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Acebutolol | The beta-blocker, acebutolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
| Atenolol | The beta-blocker, atenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
| Bisoprolol | The beta-blocker, bisoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
| Carvedilol | The beta-blocker, carvedilol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
| Esmolol | The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
食物相互作用
- Inject subcutaneuosly 15 minutes before meal
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