药品详细
Acepromazine(乙酰丙嗪)
化学结构式图
中文名
乙酰丙嗪
英文名
Acepromazine
分子式
C19H22N2OS
化学名
1-{10-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-10H-phenothiazin-2-yl}ethan-1-one
分子量
Average: 326.456
Monoisotopic: 326.145284026
Monoisotopic: 326.145284026
CAS号
61-00-7
ATC分类
N05A 未知
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
同义名
基本介绍
Acepromazine is one of the phenothiazine derivative psychotropic drugs, used little in humans, however frequently in animals as a sedative and antiemetic.
生产厂家
封装厂家
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference | Not Available |
剂型
规格
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes |
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| Substructures |
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适应症
药理
| Indication | Acepromazine was first used in humans in the 1950s as an antipsychotic agent. It is now rarely used in humans. Acepromazine is frequently used in animals as a sedative and antiemetic. Its principal value is in quietening and calming anxious animals. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Acepromazine is one of the phenothiazine derivative psychotropic drugs. Acepromazine has actions at all levels of the central nervous system-primarily at subcortical levels-as well as on multiple organ systems. Acepromazine has strong antiadrenergic and weaker peripheral anticholinergic activity; ganglionic blocking action is relatively slight. It also possesses slight antihistaminic and antiserotonin activity. |
| Mechanism of action | Acepromazine acts as an antagonist (blocking agent) on different postsysnaptic receptors -on dopaminergic-receptors (subtypes D1, D2, D3 and D4 - different antipsychotic properties on productive and unproductive symptoms), on serotonergic-receptors (5-HT1 and 5-HT2, with anxiolytic, antidepressive and antiaggressive properties as well as an attenuation of extrapypramidal side-effects, but also leading to weight gain, fall in blood pressure, sedation and ejaculation difficulties), on histaminergic-receptors (H1-receptors, sedation, antiemesis, vertigo, fall in blood pressure and weight gain), alpha1/alpha2-receptors (antisympathomimetic properties, lowering of blood pressure, reflex tachycardia, vertigo, sedation, hypersalivation and incontinence as well as sexual dysfunction, but may also attenuate pseudoparkinsonism - controversial) and finally on muscarinic (cholinergic) M1/M2-receptors (causing anticholinergic symptoms like dry mouth, blurred vision, obstipation, difficulty/inability to urinate, sinus tachycardia, ECG-changes and loss of memory, but the anticholinergic action may attenuate extrapyramidal side-effects). |
| Absorption | Not Available |
| Volume of distribution | Not Available |
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Metabolism |
Not Available
|
| Route of elimination | Not Available |
| Half life | 3 hours in horses. |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | Agitation, coma, convulsions, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, extreme sleepiness, fever, intestinal blockage, irregular heart rate, low blood pressure, restlessness |
| Affected organisms |
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| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
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| State | liquid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Donepezil | Possible antagonism of action |
| Galantamine | Possible antagonism of action |
食物相互作用
- Avoid alcohol
- Take with food to reduce irritation
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