药品详细
Carbachol(卡巴)
化学结构式图
中文名
卡巴
英文名
Carbachol
分子式
C6H15ClN2O2
化学名
2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl carbamate chloride
分子量
Average: 182.649
Monoisotopic: 182.082205441
Monoisotopic: 182.082205441
CAS号
51-83-2
ATC分类
N07A 未知;S01E 抗青光眼制剂及缩瞳药
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
同义名
基本介绍
A slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. [PubChem]
生产厂家
- Alcon laboratories inc
- Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
- Pharmafair inc
封装厂家
- Alcon Laboratories
- Novartis AG
- OMJ Pharmaceuticals
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Professional Co.
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference | Not Available |
剂型
规格
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes | Not Available |
| Substructures | Not Available |
适应症
药理
| Indication | Primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma, but is also used during ophthalmic surgery. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Carbachol is a potent cholinergic (parasympathomimetic) agent which produces constriction of the iris and ciliary body resulting in reduction in intraocular pressure. The exact mechanism by which carbachol lowers intraocular pressure is not precisely known. In the cat and rat, carbachol is well-known for its ability to induce rapid eye movement (REM) sleep when microinjected into the pontine reticular formation. Carbachol elicits this REM sleep-like state via activation of postsynaptic muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs). |
| Mechanism of action | Carbachol is a parasympathomimetic that stimulates both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. In topical ocular and intraocular administration its principal effects are miosis and increased aqueous humour outflow. |
| Absorption | Not well absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract, and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. |
| Volume of distribution | Not Available |
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Metabolism |
Not Available
|
| Route of elimination | Not Available |
| Half life | Not Available |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | Oral, mouse: LD50 = 15 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 40 mg/kg. |
| Affected organisms |
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| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
| Properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| State | solid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Tacrine | The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, may increase the cholinergic effects of Carbachol, a cholinergic agonist. Monitor for increased cholinergic effects. |
食物相互作用
Not Available
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