用户名： 密   码：
注册 | 忘记密码？
药品详细

Salmeterol(沙美特罗)

化学结构式图
中文名
沙美特罗
英文名
Salmeterol
分子式
C25H37NO4
化学名
4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol
分子量
Average: 415.5656
Monoisotopic: 415.272258677
CAS号
89365-50-4
ATC分类
R03A 未知
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
同义名
基本介绍

Salmeterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist drug that is currently prescribed for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD.

生产厂家
  • Glaxo group ltd dba glaxosmithkline
  • Glaxosmithkline
封装厂家
参考
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
  1. Salpeter SR, Buckley NS, Ormiston TM, Salpeter EE: Meta-analysis: effect of long-acting beta-agonists on severe asthma exacerbations and asthma-related deaths. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Jun 20;144(12):904-12. Epub 2006 Jun 5. Pubmed
剂型
规格
化合物类型
Type small molecule
Classes
  • Benzyl Alcohols and Derivatives
  • Phenols and Derivatives
  • Phenethylamines
Substructures
  • Hydroxy Compounds
  • Benzyl Alcohols and Derivatives
  • Aliphatic and Aryl Amines
  • Phenols and Derivatives
  • Ethers
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Alcohols and Polyols
  • Amino Alcohols
  • Phenethylamines
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Phenyl Esters
适应症
药理
Indication For the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Pharmacodynamics Salmeterol is a long acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), usually only prescribed for severe persistent asthma following previous treatment with a short-acting beta agonist such as salbutamol and is prescribed concurrently with a corticosteroid, such as beclometasone. The primary noticable difference of salmeterol to salbutamol is that the duration of action lasts approximately 12 hours in comparison with 4-6 hours of salbutamol. When used regularly every day as presecribed, inhaled salmeterol decreases the number and severity of asthma attacks. However, it is not for use for relieving an asthma attack that has already started. Inhaled salmeterol works like other beta 2-agonists, causing bronchodilatation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the airway so as to treat the exacerbation of asthma. Salmeterol is similar in action to formoterol, however formoterol has been demonstrated to have a faster onset of action than salmeterol as a result of a lower lipophilicity, and has also been demonstrated to be more potent - a 12 µg dose of formoterol has been demonstrated to be equivalent to a 50 µg dose of salmeterol.
Mechanism of action Salmeterol's long, lipophilic side chain binds to exosites near beta(2)-receptors in the lungs and on bronchiolar smooth muscle, allowing the active portion of the molecule to remain at the receptor site, continually binding and releasing. Beta(2)-receptor stimulation in the lung causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchodilation, and increased bronchial airflow.
Absorption Because of the small therapeutic dose, systemic levels of salmeterol are low or undetectable after inhalation of recommended doses.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding 96%
Metabolism
Hepatic, metabolized by hydroxylation via CYP3A4

Important The metabolism module of DrugBank is currently in beta. Questions or suggestions? Please contact us.

Substrate Enzymes Product
Salmeterol
alpha-hydroxysalmeterol Details
Route of elimination Not Available
Half life 5.5 hours
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Symptoms of overdose include angina (chest pain), dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, headache, heart irregularities, high or low blood pressure, high blood sugar, insomnia, muscle cramps, nausea, nervousness, rapid heartbeat, seizures, and tremor. By the oral route, no deaths occurred in rats at 1,000 mg/kg (approximately 81,000 times the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose in adults and approximately 38,000 times the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose in children on a mg/m2 basis).
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
理化性质
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point 75.5-76.5 °C Not Available
water solubility Sparingly soluble Not Available
logP 4.2 Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 2.26e-03 g/l ALOGPS
logP 3.82 ALOGPS
logP 3.61 ChemAxon
logS -5.3 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic) 10.12 ChemAxon
pKa (strongest basic) 9.4 ChemAxon
physiological charge 1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 5 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 4 ChemAxon
polar surface area 81.95 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 16 ChemAxon
refractivity 122.39 ChemAxon
polarizability 50.6 ChemAxon
药物相互作用
Drug Interaction
Acebutolol Antagonism
Atenolol Antagonism
Bisoprolol Antagonism
Carvedilol Antagonism
Conivaptan CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Strong) may increase the serum concentration of Salmeterol. Concurrent use of salmeterol with strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 is not recommended according to salmeterol prescribing information.
Esmolol Antagonism
Indacaterol Concomitant use with other inhaled, long acting beta2-adrenergic drugs may result in an overdose. Adverse cardiovascular effects and fatalities have been associated with excessive use of inhaled sympathomimetic drugs.
Labetalol Antagonism
Metoprolol Antagonism
Nadolol Antagonism
Oxprenolol Antagonism
Pindolol Antagonism
Propranolol Antagonism
Quinupristin This combination presents an increased risk of toxicity
Telithromycin Telithromycin may reduce clearance of Salmeterol. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
Timolol Antagonism
Voriconazole Voriconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor may increase the serum concentration of salmeterol by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy.
食物相互作用
Not Available

返回 | 收藏