药品详细
Pentoxifylline(己酮可可碱)
化学结构式图
中文名
己酮可可碱
英文名
Pentoxifylline
分子式
C13H18N4O3
化学名
3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
分子量
Average: 278.307
Monoisotopic: 278.137890462
Monoisotopic: 278.137890462
CAS号
6493-05-6
ATC分类
C04A 未知
药物类型
small molecule
阶段
approved
商品名
同义名
基本介绍
A methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. [PubChem]
生产厂家
- Actavis elizabeth llc
- Apotex inc
- Biovail laboratories inc
- Heritage pharmaceuticals inc
- Impax laboratories inc
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Pliva inc
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
- Upsher smith laboratories inc
- Watson laboratories inc
封装厂家
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Amneal Pharmaceuticals
- Apotex Inc.
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
- Biovail Pharmaceuticals
- Cardinal Health
- Dept Health Central Pharmacy
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- Gallipot
- Golden State Medical Supply Inc.
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Mckesson Corp.
- Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Pliva Inc.
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Remedy Repack
- Sandhills Packaging Inc.
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Torpharm Inc.
- Tya Pharmaceuticals
- UDL Laboratories
- Upsher Smith Laboratories
- Va Cmop Dallas
- Vangard Labs Inc.
- Zoetica Pharmaceutical Corp.
参考
| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
| General Reference |
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剂型
规格
化合物类型
| Type | small molecule |
| Classes |
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| Substructures |
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适应症
药理
| Indication | For the treatment of patients with intermittent lameness or immobility arising from chronic occlusive arterial disease of the limbs. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Pentoxifylline, a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative structurally related to theophylline and caffeine, is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy. |
| Mechanism of action | Pentoxifylline inhibits erythrocyte phosphodiesterase, resulting in an increase in erythrocyte cAMP activity. Subsequently, the erythrocyte membrane becomes more resistant to deformity. Along with erythrocyte activity, pentoxifylline also decreases blood viscosity by reducing plasma fibrinogen concentrations and increasing fibrinolytic activity. It is also a non selective adenosine receptor antagonist. |
| Absorption | Not Available |
| Volume of distribution | Not Available |
| Protein binding | 70% |
| Metabolism |
Not Available
|
| Route of elimination | Excretion is almost totally urinary; the main biotransformation product is Metabolite V. Essentially no parent drug is found in the urine. |
| Half life | 0.4-0.8 hours |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | LD50=1385 mg/kg(orally in mice) |
| Affected organisms |
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| Pathways | Not Available |
理化性质
| Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| State | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experimental Properties |
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| Predicted Properties |
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药物相互作用
| Drug | Interaction |
|---|---|
| Acenocoumarol | Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol. |
| Aminophylline | Pentoxifylline may increase the effect and toxicity of aminophylline. |
| Anisindione | Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of anisindione. |
| Dicumarol | Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol. |
| Dyphylline | Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline |
| Insulin Lispro | Concomitant therapy with drugs that may increase the blood-glucose-lowering effect of insulin lispro and thus the chance of hypoglycemia should be monitored closely. |
| Oxtriphylline | Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline |
| Theophylline | Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline |
| Warfarin | Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. |
食物相互作用
- Take with food to reduce irritation. Limit caffeine intake.
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