Disclosed are a composition for preventing and treating atherosclerosis which includes chalcone compound. In particular the chalcone compound bound with 2-hydroxyl in ring A and 4′-methyoxy in ring B has versatile therapeutic potentials on anti-atherosclerosis by acting as PPARγ inducer p44/42 MAPK inhibitor and cell cycle blocker and does not show toxicity to human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). In addition the chalcone compound exhibits synergistic effect with the PPARγ ligand (rosiglitazone) to inhibit cell proliferation and the upregulation of cyclin D1 cyclin D3 interleukin-1&bgr; (IL-1&bgr;) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL).

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