The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing thiazolidinedione (TZDs) blood glucose reducing medicines in medicinal dose and 5-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid in medicinal dose for preventing and treating medicine-induced liver injury caused by TZDs wherein preferable medicines of TZDs in dose are 1-8mg of rosiglitazone and 7.5-45mg of pioglitazone and preferable dose of 5-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid is 1.0-2.4mg. The pharmaceutical composition disclosed by the invention has the advantage that on a basis that blood glucose is effectively reduced the pharmaceutical composition can prevent treat or relieve liver injury caused by TZDs so that the benefit/risk ratio of TZDs in clinical application can be improved.

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