A pharmaceutical composition for treating colitis induced by pernicious enteric bacteria is provided to inhibit growth of pernicious enteric bacteria and minimize side effects on the whole body by using chelates of tetracycline compounds which are rarely absorbed in the intestines and used as food of pernicious enteric bacteria due to their large molecular size. A pharmaceutical composition for treating colitis induced by pernicious enteric bacteria comprises tetracycline compounds and compounds represented by the formula of XmYn in which X is a divalent or trivalent cation, Y is O, OH, CO3, HCO3 or SiO3, m is an integer from 1 to 2 and n is an integer from 1 to 3, wherein the tetracycline compound is selected from tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, minocycline, doxycycline, metacycline, glycocycline, guamecycline, lymecycline, sancycline or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the XmYn compound is selected from Al(OH)3, MgO, Mg(OH)2, MgCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, MgSiO3, CaCO3, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe(OH)2 or Fe(OH)3 and the pernicious enteric bacterium is selected from Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Shigella, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Listeria or Bacillus anthracis.

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