A method and composition for eradicating lice infestations which includes topically applying to the liceinfected area an effective amount of one or more of the antipediculocide agents selected from the class consisting of the acid salts of demecarium echothiopate edrophonium neostigmine pyridostigmine and ambenonium; and isoflurophate; and for a time of at least about 3 to 5 minutes to interrupt the breeding cycle of the lice.